Saudi Arabia’s oil-export infrastructure is facing simultaneous pressure after a drone attack shut its East-West Pipeline and Houthi rebels seized Perim Island in the Bab el-Mandeb Strait. The 1,200-kilometer pipeline normally carries crude from the kingdom’s eastern oil fields to the Red Sea, bypassing the Hormuz Strait, where tanker traffic has sharply declined amid the US-Iran war. Recent flows through the pipeline were estimated at 4 million to 5 million barrels per day, equal to 4% to 5% of global crude supply. Saudi authorities suspect the June 10 drone attack originated in Iraq’s Maysan Province, a border region with Iran and a stronghold of Iran-backed Shia militias. Reuters reported that Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps guided the Houthis’ latest advance and that Tehran urged intensified attacks on Saudi Arabia while offering funding, weapons and senior officers; Iran recognizes the Houthis as allies but denies directly commanding them. Saudi Arabia has sought U.S. military assistance, while the United States has so far ruled out direct military action but offered intelligence sharing and target identification. Iraq dismissed a Maysan military commander and closed the Shalamcheh crossing to Iran as de-escalation measures. Saudi Arabia has delayed retaliation at Iraq’s prime minister’s request while reserving the right to take necessary measures. The International Energy Agency said Saudi crude supply had fallen to its lowest level in more than 30 years, and oil prices rose above $100 a barrel as disruptions spread across Hormuz, the Red Sea and the pipeline network.