Apartment sale prices in 10 mid-to-low-priced Seoul districts rose 11.15% year over year as of last month, while jeonse rents (lump-sum deposit leases) climbed 10.10%, according to a Chosun Ilbo analysis of Korea Real Estate Board data. The simultaneous double-digit gains are the first recorded across those districts since district-level statistics began in January 2012, sharply increasing housing costs for people without homes. Analysts attribute the move to a shortage of jeonse listings after all of Seoul was designated a land transaction permit zone last October, which blocked so-called gap investments and weakened jeonse's role as an alternative to buying. Jeonse listings were down 12% from a year earlier and 18.4% from June 27 last year, while Seoul's average apartment jeonse price reached 636.63 million won last month. Monthly rents have also risen, with Seoul's average reaching 1.64 million won and contracts of 7 million won or more spreading beyond Gangnam. The market has diverged from President Lee Jae-myung's description of the outlying-area increase as a leveling process, with experts warning that policy efforts focused on Gangnam have intensified pressure on non-homeowners and young adults.