Former Vice President Mike Pence warned that the escalating U.S.-Canada trade dispute could damage the American economy, saying American businesses and consumers ultimately pay tariffs (taxes on imports). His comments came after President Trump’s 50 percent tariffs on roughly $20 billion worth of Canadian goods took effect Saturday. Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney said goods exported from the U.S. to Canada will face commensurate 50 percent tariffs beginning Sept. 8. Carney said the measures would reluctantly raise costs and reduce choice for Canadians, while Pence urged negotiation rather than confrontation and called for free trade with free nations.