The United States and Iran exchanged their most significant military strikes in months on September 1, ending roughly a month of relative quiet that had been intended to support economic discussions. US Central Command attacked dozens of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) sites along Iran’s southern coastline near the Strait of Hormuz, including air-defense and communications systems. The strikes were described as retaliation for earlier Iranian attacks on commercial shipping and US military personnel. At least five civilians were killed and between 50 and 68 injured at a wedding gathering near Sirik, reports indicated. Iran responded with ballistic missile and drone attacks against US facilities in Jordan and Iraq, including 13 ballistic missiles directed toward Jordan. Most were intercepted by US defense systems, while Iranian officials claimed successful hits on multiple targets that Washington did not corroborate. President Trump warned that further retaliation would bring dramatically intensified US force, saying there would be very little left of the Islamic Republic of Iran and threatening much harder strikes. The fighting has heightened concerns around the Strait of Hormuz, a 21-mile-wide chokepoint carrying roughly one-fifth of the world’s daily oil supply. Shipping companies have rerouted vessels away from dangerous waters near Iran, increasing transit times, fuel costs and logistical complexity. Both governments accused the other of breaching the ceasefire first, leaving the diplomatic opening apparently closed. The exchange was the most intense since July and followed earlier cycles of attacks and short-lived pauses that neither side fully honored.