U.S. consumers have filed lawsuits against Japanese companies including Toyota, Fast Retailing, Nintendo and Sony, arguing that part of the roughly $166 billion in tariff refunds now being processed should be returned to buyers. The claims follow a U.S. Supreme Court ruling in February that said the Trump administration exceeded its authority under the IEEPA (U.S. emergency powers law) when it imposed reciprocal tariffs on major trading partners in April 2025 under its so-called "Liberation Day" policy. After the U.S. Court of International Trade ordered refund procedures for importers, plaintiffs argued that tariffs had already been built into retail prices and that companies would unfairly benefit if they kept the refunds without compensating customers. Kyodo News reported on August 13 that U.S. units of the four companies have been sued. Toyota was sued in Virginia by a consumer who said imported parts subject to the tariffs were reflected in a new vehicle's price and that retaining any refund would amount to "double dipping." Fast Retailing, Nintendo and Sony are seeking or planning to seek dismissal. Sony is expected to receive about a $540 million tariff refund.