Investors are focusing on roughly $70 billion of off-balance-sheet residual value support tied to AI hardware financing, while Wall Street explores compute bonds and other structures to fund a broader AI infrastructure buildout. Bloomberg reported Nvidia, Meta and Broadcom have used or may use arrangements that ratings agencies increasingly view as debt-like contingent obligations, and Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang said the company can provide residual value support for as much as 25% of a project depending on the transaction. Separately, Nvidia said it signed memoranda of understanding with Apollo, BlackRock, Blackstone, Brookfield, Goldman Sachs and KKR to create financing platforms that could mobilize more than $500 billion for customer access to its chips and broader AI factories. Supporters argue Nvidia chips retain value because they are widely used, transferable across customers and supported by CUDA software, but critics including DoubleLine's Jeff Gundlach warned that rapidly evolving AI processors may be poor collateral for long-term debt and could signal late-cycle financial excess if resale values fall or technology shifts quickly.