The U.S. Justice Department has charged 17 alleged members of Iran-based Mabna Institute in a years-long cyber theft campaign conducted for Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, or IRGC, and other Iranian government and university clients. Prosecutors allege the operation targeted more than 100,000 professor accounts worldwide, compromised roughly 8,000 accounts at 144 U.S. universities and stole at least 31.5 terabytes of academic data and intellectual property, material U.S. institutions had spent about $3.4 billion to acquire. Stolen research was allegedly resold through Megapaper.ir and Gigapaper.ir, the latter offering rented access via hijacked professor logins, while separate victims spent more than $20 million remedying breaches. Six defendants were allegedly involved in the 2017 HBO hack and sought about $6 million in Bitcoin. The State Department’s Rewards for Justice program is offering up to $10 million for information on the defendants’ locations. The charges remain allegations unless proven in court.