Goldman Sachs Research estimated that AI reduced U.S. payroll growth by roughly 16,000 jobs a month over the year covered by its April 2026 report, raising unemployment by 0.1 percentage points, while Morgan Stanley economists estimated that AI displacement had lifted unemployment by no more than about 15 basis points by June 2026, up from 10 basis points in December 2025. Goldman’s net estimate reflected roughly 9,000 AI-related augmentation jobs monthly versus about 25,000 displaced positions, later revising the net drag to about 11,000 jobs a month as construction and other less AI-exposed sectors offset some losses. The pressure has been concentrated in technology, management consulting, graphic design, customer service and call centers, with younger, Gen Z and entry-level white-collar workers most affected. Goldman-related research found U.S. call-center employment 39% below trend, while Challenger, Gray & Christmas said AI was cited in 10,970 U.S. layoffs in July and 112,713 announced cuts through the year.