Senator Flavio Bolsonaro’s campaign plans to introduce a public debt ceiling that would trigger spending limits when borrowing becomes excessive, economic adviser Adolfo Sachsida said. The proposal is intended to improve Brazil’s fiscal reputation and put debt on a sustainable path, but critics argue such caps can restrict government support during crises. Brazil’s public debt is about 82% of GDP, more than 10 percentage points higher since President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva returned to office in 2023. A Nexus poll showed Lula and Bolsonaro in a near-tie, with Lula leading a potential runoff 46% to 45%. The election will also test Lula’s 2023 fiscal framework, which replaced a 2016 spending cap and permits real expenditure growth of 0.6% to 2.5% annually.