A federal court struck down New York’s 2024 Climate Superfund law, which required fossil fuel companies to pay $3 billion annually for 25 years, or $75 billion, for damage linked to their worldwide CO2 emissions. Brenda Sannes, an Obama appointee, ruled the measure was preempted by federal statutes and that climate change presented an international and national issue beyond state authority. Republican-led states and fossil fuel trade associations challenged the law, while the Trump administration sued New York and Vermont over similar measures. Gov. Kathy Hochul’s office had said the legislation would shift climate-adaptation costs from New Yorkers to fossil fuel companies. New York was reviewing the ruling and possible next steps, while Republican officials and the administration welcomed the decision.