Korea Land & Housing Corporation (LH) now carries approximately ₩288 million (approximately $210,000) in externally financed debt for each integrated public rental housing unit, up 60.9% from ₩179 million (approximately $130,000) in 2021. The figure reflects actual project costs after government capital contributions, with the balance funded through Housing and Urban Fund loans and LH bond issuance. Integrated public rental housing combines permanent, national and happiness housing programs for low-income households, young adults and other housing-vulnerable groups, with mandatory 30-year rental periods and rents set at 35–90% of market rates according to income. Unit project costs rose 61.5% to ₩365 million (approximately $270,000) in 2025 from ₩226 million (approximately $170,000), while government support increased 40.7% to ₩211 million (approximately $160,000) from ₩150 million (approximately $110,000). LH’s debt-to-equity ratio is projected to rise from 239.0% this year to 260.3% in 2029, and annual interest expenses are expected to increase 24.7% from ₩2.8894 trillion (approximately $2.1 billion) to ₩3.6019 trillion (approximately $2.7 billion). The government plans to supply 218,000 public housing units next year, including 172,000 public rental units, while Housing and Urban Fund loans for integrated rental housing will rise 70.8%, far outpacing the 4.8% increase in capital contributions. LH’s planned shift from land sales to direct construction could add further costs, but current projections through 2029 do not include that expansion. The financing challenge is also central to the government’s universal public rental housing initiative, which offers longer-term access across income groups. Experts say the policy requires a sustainable funding structure covering land acquisition, fund operations, rental income shortfalls and management costs. LH nevertheless plans to accelerate projects by adding 344 compensation staff and reducing the compensation period for newly initiated districts from 44 months to 24 months.