LG Energy Solution and a Seoul National University team led by Professor Jongwoo Lim established operating conditions that improve the stability of lithium-manganese-rich (LMR) batteries in 40Ah-class large-format electric-vehicle cells. LMR cathodes use lower-cost manganese instead of cobalt and draw on oxygen-related energy storage to support high energy density, but commercialization has been constrained by gas formation when oxygen oxidized during charging fails to recover during discharge. The researchers found that oxygen recovery depends on both voltage limits: lowering the upper charge limit from 4.6 volts to 4.3 volts raised the reduction rate from 86% to 97%, while lowering the discharge cutoff from 3.0 volts to 2.0 volts allowed oxygen to recover nearly to its original state. A redesigned voltage range and lower-temperature formation process suppressed gas generation, and the resulting cells retained 92.2% of their initial energy after 883 cycles. The findings were published in Nature Communications on Sept. 7 Seoul time and support the potential commercialization of LMR materials in large-format EV cells.