The KOSPI closed at 6,954.52 on September 8, down 40.87 points, or 0.58%, after opening above 7,000 and reaching 7,171.52. Semiconductor shares initially advanced following OpenAI's Astra artificial-intelligence model launch, which strengthened expectations for high-bandwidth memory, high-capacity memory and networking demand. The rally reversed as retail investors sold heavily amid Saudi energy-facility attacks, continuing U.S.-Iran tensions, U.S.-Canada trade friction, higher oil prices, rising U.S. Treasury yields and concerns about ETF rebalancing and lower liquidity. Foreign and institutional investors extended reported joint net buying to four sessions, although the sources provide differing September 8 flow figures. Analysts said the market needs sustained foreign and institutional demand to absorb large retail positions accumulated above 7,000.