Reported stablecoin settlement activity linked to Visa has exceeded $20 billion on an annualized basis, but this represents a current run rate rather than a completed calendar-year or trailing-12-month total. The underlying Visa disclosure, publication date, observation window and precise definition of settlement volume remain unverified, so the figure should not be treated as a confirmed full-year total or directly compared with consumer card spending. Visa also said Credit Coop’s stablecoin loans have financed $2.5 billion in cumulative card settlements since 2023 through reusable credit lines that bridge the timing gap before cardholder payments arrive; current loan exposure remains undisclosed. The broader record reports more than 160 stablecoin-linked card programs globally, nearly 200% year-over-year growth in related payment volume, more than 9,000 on-chain repayments and over 3,000 borrowings without a recorded default.