People's Bank of China (PBOC) Deputy Governor Lu Lei addressed artificial intelligence cooperation between China and ASEAN at the China-ASEAN Financial Cooperation and Development Forum. He said large language models and AI agents are important tools for improving financial services, but also introduce risks such as algorithmic black boxes and model hallucinations. Lu warned that AI can learn the underlying logic of human behavior while people struggle to understand how its internal decisions are made, creating an asymmetry of understanding that could pose deeper challenges for finance and underscores the importance of security governance.