Ethereum’s PeerDAS networking upgrade, formally EIP-7594, has operated without a major incident for nearly 12 months while supporting higher blob capacity and lower Layer 2 transaction costs. The protocol uses erasure coding and distributed data sampling so validators can confirm data availability without downloading or storing complete blocks. Layer 2 transaction costs fell from $0.20-$0.50 before activation to $0.005-$0.02 in the first quarter of 2026, a decline of more than 95%, although the reduction also reflects Ethereum’s earlier EIP-4844 upgrade.