South Korea's National Intelligence Service detected 107 overseas industrial technology leak cases between 2021 and 2025, with semiconductor technologies accounting for 40 cases, the largest category. Display technologies followed with 21 cases, while electrical and electronics technologies accounted for 10, automotive technologies for seven and shipbuilding technologies for six. The data, submitted by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Resources to the National Assembly, showed that 31 cases involved national core technologies. Semiconductors led that group with nine cases, followed by displays and electrical and electronics with five each. One notable case involved a former Samsung Electronics manager who allegedly leaked the Korean chipmaker's 18-nanometer DRAM manufacturing technology to Chinese chipmaker CXMT.