South Korea’s Financial Services Commission (FSC) is considering measures addressing high-frequency trading and leverage after sharp June-July market fluctuations, while Financial Supervisory Service (FSS) Governor Lee Chan-jin has urged securities firms to improve shareholder returns, social contributions, liquidity management and investor protection. At a Sept. 29 meeting at the Korea Financial Investment Association in Seoul’s Yeouido district, Lee addressed securities-firm CEOs and said brokerages had posted record profits during a stock-market rally while many retail investors faced heightened volatility. He called for tighter management of investor loans, stronger liquidity controls and preparations for rising interest rates. The wider FSC program includes oversight of leveraged products and credit and margin trading, strengthened emergency-stabilization tools, long-term investment initiatives, shareholder-related disclosure and dividend reforms, and KOSDAQ restructuring.