Brazil will require institutions authorized by the Banco Central do Brasil to report crypto transfers of at least $10,000 involving self-custody wallets from Oct. 1, 2026. Under Resolution BCB 588, the institution processing the transfer must notify Coaf, Brazil’s financial intelligence council, by the next business day when sending assets to or receiving them from a wallet controlled directly by a user. The threshold applies automatically, without requiring a suspicion assessment, adding to existing reporting of transactions deemed suspicious. Resolution BCB 584, taking effect Jan. 1, 2027, will establish a precautionary holding procedure for certain outbound virtual-asset transfers, which may be delayed for additional checks. Brazil recorded $252.5 billion in measured crypto activity during the period analyzed by Chainalysis, ranked as Latin America’s largest market and placed first in the firm’s 2026 global crypto adoption index. Spain has taken a different approach: its Directorate General of Taxes said self-custody holdings fall outside Form 721 when taxpayers control the private keys, while the European Union’s DAC8 regime still requires crypto service providers to collect information on reportable users and transactions.