HD Hyundai Heavy Industries’ tentative wage and collective bargaining agreement was rejected after 3,932 of 7,541 voting union members opposed it, representing 52.14% of ballots cast. The 8,100-member union recorded a 93.10% turnout, with 3,588 members, or 47.58%, voting in favor. The proposal included a 120,000-won monthly base-pay increase including seniority-based step raises, an 11 million-won lump-sum payment plus an additional 200%, performance bonuses, expanded long-service awards and the hiring of production technicians this year. Management and the union valued the base-pay increase, lump-sum payment and bonuses at 40.56 million won, a record and 10.61 million won above last year. Members’ rejection followed smaller fixed-pay growth than in the previous two bargaining rounds and a 131,786-won base-pay increase agreed by Samsung Heavy Industries and its union. HD Hyundai Heavy Industries’ union is expected to intensify industrial action, potentially including a full strike, while returning to negotiations for a revised offer.