According to Vitalik Buterin, Interfold generalizes MACI for voting and secret auctions by combining threshold encryption, zero-knowledge proofs, and FHE to strengthen privacy, anti-collusion protections, and verifiable blockchain-based coordination.
Interfold has introduced CRISP as a secure, privacy-preserving blockchain voting system, and Vitalik Buterin described Interfold more broadly as a generalized implementation of MACI for applications including voting and secret auctions. According to Buterin, the design combines threshold encryption, zero-knowledge proof eligibility checks, fully homomorphic encryption computation, and threshold decryption to enable private yet verifiable coordination. The system is positioned around core digital voting requirements such as ballot secrecy, security, and tamper resistance, while also aiming to make bribery and collusion harder. Buterin said the main current limitation is the high cost of complex computation, with optimization and obfuscation identified as longer-term goals.