Trump orders restrictions on critical mineral scrap exports

A July 30 directive lets the Commerce Department curb exports of battery scrap, rare-earth magnet waste and other recoverable materials to support domestic defense supply chains and reduce reliance on China.

Summary

President Donald Trump signed a July 30 directive authorizing the Commerce Department to restrict exports of recycled critical minerals and materials, including black mass from shredded batteries, end-of-life rare-earth permanent magnets, swarf and other scrap containing critical minerals. Issued under the Defense Production Act of 1950, the order is designed to steer recoverable materials to U.S. recyclers, reinforce domestic defense supply chains and reduce dependence on foreign sources, particularly China. The move comes as domestic recyclers have struggled to compete with overseas buyers and as U.S. manufacturers face a January 1, 2027 deadline to stop sourcing certain materials from China, Russia, Iran and North Korea. Industry participants and a recent Government Accountability Office assessment have warned that building enough domestic mining, processing and recycling capacity will take years, leaving enforcement and recycling scale-up as key factors to watch.

Terms & Concepts
  • black mass: Shredded battery material that contains recoverable metals and minerals for recycling.
  • Defense Production Act of 1950: A U.S. law that gives the government authority to direct industrial capacity for national security needs.
  • rare-earth permanent magnets: High-strength magnets made with rare earth elements and used in products including defense systems and electronics.